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<\/p>\nASIAN GYPSY MOTH FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS<\/p>\n
Frequently asked questions (FAQ)<\/p>\n
Q1: What are the risks related to the introduction of AGM?
\nQ2: Why does the maritime industry have a role in managing AGM risks?
\nQ3: Which ports are infested by AGM and at what time of the year
\ndo the AGM females lay their eggs?
\nQ4: Which countries regulate and inspect arriving vessels for AGM?
\nQ5: What are the criteria for classifying a vessel as high risk of AGM?
\nQ6: What is required from a vessel that is classified as high risk of AGM?
\nQ7: Are the regulating countries performing AGM inspections all year round?
\nQ8: What happens if AGM egg masses are detected during port inspections?
\nQ9: What are the county specific requirements?
\nUnited States of America (US)
\nCanada
\nChile
\nAustralia
\nNew Zealand
\nQ10: How can the crew reduce the vessel\u2019s risk of AGM infestation?
\nQ11: Are there other relevant sources of AGM information?<\/p>\n
The Asian Gypsy Moth (AGM) is a
\ndestructive forest pest known to
\nspread via ocean-going vessels in
\ninternational trade. Vessels calling
\nat certain ports in the Asia Pacific
\nbetween May and September
\nshould therefore be inspected
\nand \u201ccertified free of AGM\u201d prior
\nto departure, this to minimise the potential for regulatory action when
\narriving in a country where the pest is not native.<\/p>\n
BACKGROUND<\/p>\n
AGM is an exotic pest with established populations only in countries in the Asia Pacific, such
\nas Russia, China, Korea, and Japan. If introduced in countries where it does not exist naturally,
\nit has the potential to seriously affect the country\u2019s agricultural and forest resources. Adult
\nmoths frequently lay their egg masses on vessels and shipping containers, and since these
\negg clusters often survive to hatch at ports of call around the world, exclusion efforts are
\nconsidered a priority by many local port authorities.
\nPreventing the introduction and spread of AGM is a shared responsibility that relies on
\ncumulative efforts at origin, en route and at arrival in port. However, it is the responsibility of
\nthe ship operator to meet all port entry requirements related to AGM and managing the risk
\nat its origin to ensure that a vessel is free of AGM upon departure from ports in the infested
\nareas is recognised as the key measure.<\/p>\n
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ)<\/p>\n
General knowledge about the AGM and each country\u2019s requirements on how to manage
\nAGM risks will minimise the potential for regulatory action and delays during port entries.
\nThe purpose of this FAQ is therefore to provide answers to some of the AGM related
\nquestions raised by Gard\u2019s Members and clients, to summarises the requirements set forth by
\neach of the regulating countries and provide links to relevant government websites. The FAQ
\nalso contains guidelines for how the crew can carry out systematic self-inspections onboard
\nthe vessel while en route.<\/p>\n
Q1: WHAT ARE THE RISKS RELATED TO THE INTRODUCTION OF AGM?<\/p>\n
The United States has detected and eradicated many AGM infestations in the past and in an AGM pest alert from April 2016, their Department of Agriculture describes the risks as<\/p>\n
follows: \u201cLarge infestations of AGM can completely defoliate trees, leaving them weak and
\nmore susceptible to disease or attack by other insects. If defoliation is repeated for 2 or
\nmore years, it can lead to the death of large sections of forests, orchards, and landscaping.
\nAny introduction and establishment of AGM in the United States would pose a major threat
\nto the environment and the urban, suburban, and rural landscapes.\u201d<\/p>\n
Q2: WHY DOES THE MARITIME INDUSTRY HAVE A ROLE IN MANAGING AGM RISKS?<\/p>\n
Attracted to lights, the AGM females often lay their eggs on a vessel\u2019s superstructure.
\nVessels and cargo, such as containers, are therefore known to be involved in the artificial
\nspread of the pest by carrying the egg masses from one port to another. AGM egg
\nmasses tolerate extremes in temperature and moisture, and the larvae can, under the
\nright conditions, hatch from an egg masse up to a year after it was attached to a vessel\u2019s
\nstructure. After hatching, the larvae travel great distances with the wind to find food and
\nmay colonise in a new country if left unaddressed. It is therefore vital that the maritime
\nindustry and relevant port authorities collaborate on measures to minimise the risk of AGM
\nincursions and implement procedures and policies emphasising vessel inspections.<\/p>\n
Q3: WHICH PORTS ARE INFESTED BY AGM AND AT WHAT TIME OF THE YEAR DO
\nTHE AGM FEMALES LAY THEIR EGGS?<\/p>\n
AGM is found in Asia Pacific and there are high density populations in ports in East Russia,
\nNortheast China, Korea, and Japan. These AGM infested areas are also referred to as the
\nregulated areas or the risk areas.
\nThe AGM flight season, when females lay their eggs, extends from May to September,
\nprimarily from July to September in East Russia and northern Japan, from June to
\nSeptember in Korea and China, from mid-May to mid-September in the remaining parts of
\nJapan depending on the specific port location. The AGM flight season is also referred to as
\nthe specified risk period or the high-risk period in each of the regulated areas.<\/p>\n
Q4: WHICH COUNTRIES REGULATE AND INSPECT ARRIVING VESSELS FOR AGM?<\/p>\n
Countries where this pest is not native and that are currently known to regulate and inspect
\narriving vessels for AGM are: the United States, Canada, Chile, Australia and New Zealand
\n(the regulating countries) and question Q9 below provides an overview of their relevant
\nrequirements. However, authorities in other countries are also likely to be alert to the risk of
\nthis invasive and destructive pest.<\/p>\n
Q5: WHAT ARE THE CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFYING A VESSEL AS HIGH RISK OF AGM?<\/p>\n
In general, and since the AGM larvae can hatch from egg masses up to a year after they
\nwere laid\/attached to the vessel, a vessel which has called at a port in a regulated area
\nduring the specified risk period of the current or previous calendar year is considered high
\nrisk of AGM. However, there is no uniform international definition of the regulated areas or
\nspecified risk periods and we refer to Q9 and the country specific requirements for further
\ndetails.<\/p>\n
Q6: WHAT IS REQUIRED FROM A VESSEL THAT IS CLASSIFIED AS HIGH RISK OF AGM?<\/p>\n
The regulating countries generally require all arriving vessels to declare whether they have
\ntraded to ports within the regulated areas in the current or previous specified risk period and
\nthe need for an inspection will be determined based on an assessment of the vessel\u2019s overall
\nAGM risk. Most regulating countries also require vessels to be certified free of AGM. Please
\nsee Q9 for details about each country\u2019s entry requirements.<\/p>\n
Q7: ARE THE REGULATING COUNTRIES PERFORMING AGM INSPECTIONS ALL YEAR
\nROUND?<\/p>\n
Vessels entering a regulating country may be subject to inspection at any time of the year
\nto verify freedom from AGM. However, as the potential for larvae to hatch from egg masses
\nattached to a vessel in port, and spread, depends on the local climatic conditions at a
\nspecific port, each of the regulating countries may specify certain periods of the year with
\nheightened surveillance and more systematic inspection for AGM. Please see Q9 for details
\nabout each country\u2019s inspection procedures.<\/p>\n
Q8: WHAT HAPPENS IF AGM EGG MASSES ARE DETECTED DURING PORT
\nINSPECTIONS?<\/p>\n
Actions imposed on the vessel depend on each country\u2019s regulation, taking into account
\nclimatic conditions at the time of entry as well as the degree of AGM infestation, and the
\nstage of development of the egg masses detected.
\nIn some cases the vessel may be allowed to berth before being cleaned and handled with
\ninsecticide spraying whilst alongside. In other cases, if the vessel\u2019s itinerary indicate that the
\npresence of AGM life stages are possible and large amounts of egg masses that appear fresh
\nand viable for hatching are detected, the risk may be considered too high and the vessel can
\nbe ordered to leave the country\u2019s territorial waters immediately. In extreme cases, vessels
\nmay be refused entry for up to two years during the AGM risk periods in that country (e.g.
\nCanada).<\/p>\n
Q9: WHAT ARE THE COUNTY SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS?<\/p>\n
Below is a summary of available information from each of the countries known to regulate
\nand inspect arriving vessels for AGM. Each country\u2019s definition of AGM regulated areas
\nand specified risk periods as well as entry requirements and inspection procedures are
\nemphasised.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
[wpdm_package id=’10167′]<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
ASIAN GYPSY MOTH FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Frequently asked questions (FAQ) Q1: What are the risks related to the introduction of AGM? Q2: Why does the maritime industry have a role in managing AGM risks? Q3: Which ports are infested by AGM and at what time of the year do the AGM females lay their eggs? […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,19,65],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","category-maritime-safety-news","category-uscg"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/developmenttask.com\/ShipIpLtd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/developmenttask.com\/ShipIpLtd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/developmenttask.com\/ShipIpLtd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/developmenttask.com\/ShipIpLtd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/developmenttask.com\/ShipIpLtd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10163"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/developmenttask.com\/ShipIpLtd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10163\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/developmenttask.com\/ShipIpLtd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/developmenttask.com\/ShipIpLtd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/developmenttask.com\/ShipIpLtd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}